Back Pain

Back pain is a common condition that affects individuals of all ages, often disrupting daily life. It can range from a mild ache to severe discomfort, lasting from a few days to chronic issues over months.

Causes

• Mechanical causes: Poor posture, muscle strain, or herniated discs.
• Degenerative issues: Osteoarthritis or spinal stenosis.
• Injuries: Fractures, sprains, or trauma to the spine.
• Medical conditions: Scoliosis, osteoporosis, kidney infections, or tumors.
• Lifestyle factors: Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, or lack of exercise.

Symptoms

• Persistent or intermittent pain in the back, which may radiate to the legs.
• Stiffness or reduced flexibility in the back.
• Pain aggravated by movement or prolonged sitting.
• Numbness or tingling sensations in the limbs (in severe cases).
• Difficulty standing upright or performing daily activities.

Treatment

Non-invasive measures:

• Rest and activity modification: Avoid strenuous activities while staying mobile.
• Physical therapy: Exercises to strengthen back muscles and improve flexibility.
• Heat or cold therapy: Reduces inflammation and relieves muscle tension.
• Medications: Pain relievers (e.g., acetaminophen, NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, or topical analgesics.

Advanced interventions:

• Injections: Corticosteroid or anesthetic injections for nerve-related pain.
• Surgery: Reserved for severe cases like herniated discs or structural deformities.

Lifestyle adjustments:

• Maintain a healthy weight, practice good posture, and exercise regularly.
• Ergonomic modifications at work or home to reduce strain.